The hydrodynamic effects on spectroscopic water detection were microscopically investigated in a gasoline pipe flow. The effects of the gasoline flow rate and the water content on the water droplet characteristics were investigated experimentally using a phase Doppler particle measurement...

The aim of this study was to confirm the effects of two-stage combustion on the combustion and NO<em>_x</em> reduction characteristics of a four cylinder direct injection diesel engine. In order to analyze the combustion and emission characteristics, various injection parameters, such as injection...

This study investigated the effects of high exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates on dimethyl ether (DME) fuel combustion performance, exhaust emissions and particle emission characteristics in a small direct injection diesel engine under various injection timings. To examine the effect of EGR...