This paper presents the results of an experimental methane fermentation study on untreated, NaOH and hydrothermal pretreated substrates of wheat straw. Experiments were conducted at 37 °C (mesophilic temperature). Substrates concentration were maintained at 4.45% VS (44.5 g VS/L). Untreated...

O2-release from carbon-bearing Ni(II) ferrite (CBNF) was studied with TG-MS and DSC. Release of lattice oxygen as O2 was found to take place at 200–300°C and was associated with an endothermic temperature peak. The proposed thermochemical reaction is Olat.(s) = Vö(s) + (12) O2(g), ΔH° =...

Water splitting with Mn(II) ferrites (MnFe2O4, Mn0.5Fe2.5O4) and CaO at 1273K has been studied. The process accompanies a phase change and a calcium-manganese oxide (Cax(Fe,Mn)yOz) is formed. For CaO/MnFe2O4 mole ratios above 3, a single phase of Ca3(Fe2.02/3,Mn0.98/3)3O7.02 with crystal...

The solar-driven endothermic reaction of coal and magnetite was studied for mixing solar and fossil energies. The overall reaction can be represented by CHx+Fe3O4 = CO + 3FeO + 12xH2, where x depends on the stoichiometry of the coal utilized (x≈0.2 in our study). Laboratory experimental...

The praseodymium oxide redox system releases and incorporates oxygen into an inert gas. Reductions of Pr6O11 to Pr5O9 and Pr5O9 to Pr9O16 were analyzed while heating a mixture of air with N2 at O2 partial pressures of 2 × 102-6 × 103 Pa from 373 to 833 K. Oxidations of Pr9O16 to Pr5O9 and...

An endothermic chemical system composed of pulverized metal oxide and carbon has been investigated with a view to utilizing waste heat and carbonaceous compounds effectively. Oxides of Cu and Mn and also MMn2O4 (M = Li or Mg) were used. In an N2-gas stream, the metal oxide was reduced by...

An endothermic chemical system composed of pulverized iron-based oxide and carbon powder has been investigated by using the temperature swing method (TSM) at 700–800 °C. Ferrites of Zn, Mn, and Ni, and magnetite were studied. The magnetite showed the most promising result. In the TSM,...

The rapid growth in coal and oil consumption has led to increasing emissions of greenhouse gases as well as air pollutants in China. In response to this, the Chinese government has begun to formulate policies to retard the increasing use of energy consumption and to improve air quality. This...

The present work reports studies on the mixing and combustion characteristics of cotton stalk (CS) with 10–100mm in length in a fluidized bed. Effects of length and initial weight percentage of CS, diameter of alumina bed material as well as gas velocity on the mixing characteristics of CS...