This study examines the causal relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth by using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach of cointegration for nineteen European countries. The bounds F-test for cointegration test yields evidence...

This paper estimates the price and income elasticity of industrial and residential electricity demand in Turkey for 1960–2008 period. Time varying parameters model based on Kalman filter is employed. The results show that the income and price elasticities of industrial and residential...