The use of natural gas in China is still relatively immature, as gas production only supplies a low percentage of the domestic energy system. In contrast, Chinese economy mainly relies on coal with a 67% share of the total primary energy supply. The environmental impact from this high coal...

In this study, IMP (interval mathematical programming), mλ-measure, and fuzzy chance-constrained programming are incorporated into a general optimization framework, leading to an IMFCP (interval-parameter mλ-measure based fuzzy chance-constrained programming) method. The IMFCP method can be...

As a modified building-integrated solar thermal system, building-integrated dual-function solar collector here proposed is able to provide passive space heating in cold winter, and water heating in warm seasons. In this study, evaluations were made on this modified collector system for the warm...

In the design of solar air heaters (SAHs), channel depth is a principal variable to be fixed. In this paper, the effect of the channel depth on the energy gain of type I and type III SAHs has been investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Laminar model and k–ω turbulence...