This paper describes the current state of the Macedonian electricity sector. It looks at ongoing structural changes …, driven by the gradual adoption of the EU acquis on energy, and comes up with estimates for electricity subsidies. It …

emissions trading (ET) costs on electricity prices. Market structure refers in particular to the number of firms active in the …-related factors on the PTR of carbon costs to electricity prices. These include in particular the impact of ET-induced changes in the … impact on the rate of passing-through carbon costs to electricity prices. …

as consisting of the three subsectors of crude oil and natural gas production, refinery, and electricity production. It … electricity sector, and inefficient government subsidies in the latter two subsectors. …

alternate fuels. The results also illustrate that different public policies – i.e., removal of coal subsidies, electricity …

energy prices, we find electricity prices––relative to oil and gas––to be more important in the manufacturing process …, with a one standard deviation reduction in electricity prices leading to a 2.8 percent increase in manufacturing output …. Our estimated elasticities together with plausible reductions in electricity tariffs derived from the energy reform, could …

electricity sector, typically using constant elasticities of substitution between generation types. Detailed bottom-up electricity … models generally have embedded load duration curves with the electricity price determined by the marginal cost of generation …. This study incorporates a simple representation of electricity generation with these bottom-up features directly into the …

Time series of electricity, petroleum products, and renewables are found to be highly correlated with total energy …