In this paper we study implied and realized volatility for the Nordic power forward market. We create an implied volatility index with a fixed time to maturity. This index is compared to a realized volatility time series calculated from high-frequency data. The results show that the implied...

Using recursive estimation and rolling windows over extended sample periods we examine the time-varying relationship between spot and short-term forward prices in the Pennsylvania–New Jersey–Maryland (PJM) wholesale electricity market. We examine theoretical models of forward risk premia in...

We use high frequency real time spot prices and day-ahead forward prices from the Pennsylvania–New Jersey–Maryland wholesale electricity market to calculate, describe, and forecast spot price volatility. We introduce the concept of forward realized volatility calculated from day-ahead...