This paper applies a recent advance in panel analysis to estimate the panel cointegration and panel vector error correction models for a set of 22 OECD countries using annual data covering the period 1960-2001. We investigate the relationship between energy consumption and income using an...

This paper examines the effect of structural breaks on the spot–futures oil prices relationship. We explore the impact of structural breaks on four critical issues, including cointegrating relationships, market efficiency under the expectation hypothesis and the no arbitrage rule, causalities,...