–cost analyses of producing oil fields, pre-salt oil fields (without and with enhanced oil recovery), a business as the usual ethanol … scenario, and a high ethanol scenario. Excluding the ROI from existing oil fields, which is the highest, when the discount rate … is 4% or more, the ROI of the high ethanol scenario is greater than that of the ROI of pre-salt oil. Considering a US$40 …

100 million gallon ethanol plants is used as a basis for future development of a template government loan appraisers can …

global market in biofuels based on sugarcane-based ethanol is economically feasible. The paper finds that while there is …. Not only do they substitute for petrol, but they also produce lower emissions. The paper finds that sugarcane ethanol …

competitive with tropical and sub-tropical biofuel producers. This work sought to determine the impact of lignocellulosic ethanol … coast markets, the MESP for Brazilian-produced eucalyptus lignocellulosic ethanol, modelled at $0.74L−1, was notably lower …, lignocellulosic biofuel producers in North America and Europe, in the absence of protectionist trade policies, will need to be …

. To achieve this, ethanol produced from corn and sugarcane will need to increase from 80 to approximately 200billionl in …