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–cost analyses of producing oil fields, pre-salt oil fields (without and with enhanced oil recovery), a business as the usual ethanol … scenario, and a high ethanol scenario. Excluding the ROI from existing oil fields, which is the highest, when the discount rate … is 4% or more, the ROI of the high ethanol scenario is greater than that of the ROI of pre-salt oil. Considering a US$40 …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010729699
100 million gallon ethanol plants is used as a basis for future development of a template government loan appraisers can …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010588124
global market in biofuels based on sugarcane-based ethanol is economically feasible. The paper finds that while there is …. Not only do they substitute for petrol, but they also produce lower emissions. The paper finds that sugarcane ethanol …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010572748
competitive with tropical and sub-tropical biofuel producers. This work sought to determine the impact of lignocellulosic ethanol … biorefinery siting on economic performance and minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) for both east and west coast North American … feedstock cost, ethanol delivery cost, cost of capital, construction cost, labour cost, electricity revenues (and co …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011046927
. To achieve this, ethanol produced from corn and sugarcane will need to increase from 80 to approximately 200billionl in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010783805
This paper develops a system dynamics model to analyze the impacts of different kinds of capacity payment as investment incentive mechanisms in Iranian electricity market. Since it is aimed that the incurred capital and operating costs of generation technologies be recovered in Iranian...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010636159
Integration of electricity markets started to spread under the world-wide trend to economic liberalization. While some regions are managing better than others, lessons, both political and technical, highlight challenges ahead that need to be overcome.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010740133
Based on the characteristics of oil exploration and development and the inherent rule of a coordinated development of central and provincial economy and oil enterprises in oil producing provinces, this paper addresses the principal questions that determine the coordinated development of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010681946
Cement industry is one of the six energy intensive industries in Iran accounting for 15% of total energy consumption in the industrial sector. The sudden reform of energy prices in Iran is expected to have a great impact on production and energy consumption in this industry. In this paper, we...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010665846
An energy security management model using quality function deployment (QFD) and system dynamics (SD) is suggested for application in public policymaking in developing economies. Through QFD, experts are guided toward identifying key energy security components, including indicators and policies,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010617009