The rational use of energy and energy-efficient environmental public street lighting is an important topic. In the design of new public lighting installations, national regulations containing energy-efficient guidelines are already used. Nevertheless, either in new installations or in...

Turkey has an adequate amount of water in general, but it is not always in the right place at the right time to meet present and anticipated needs. Turkey has 665.000 ha of inland waters, excluding rivers and small streams. There are 200 natural lakes, with a total area of 500.000 ha, and 775...

In this study, an isolated microgrid comprising of renewable energy (RE) sources like wind, solar, biogas and battery is considered. Provision of utility grid insertion is also given if total microgrid sources falls short of supplying the total load. To establish an efficient energy management...

In recent years, the management and operation of micro-grids are considered by many advanced societies with regard to the development of scattered energy resources. The main goals that are paid attention in micro-grid management are the operation cost and pollution rate, which the aggregation of...

Rural electrification has been identified as one of the essential prerequisite for the development of modern society. Provision of uninterrupted supply for rural enterprises and affordable electricity for low-income users is imperative for the revitalisation of rural areas. Stand-alone...

A microgrid contains a PV generator and energy storage system connected in a laboratory building. Power generation is scheduled to meet the load of the building to adjust optimally the generation exchange within the microgrid. In this study, the problem of decreasing the cost of energy under...

The international crude oil maritime transportation system has always been disturbed by the external environment and its own mechanism of supply and demand, which can sometimes last for a long time. BDTI (Baltic Exchange Dirty Tanker Index) is one of the most typical indexes in the crude oil...