the country level with data on pollution intensity at the industry level to show that countries with laxer environmental …. We propose an instrument for environmental regulation based on meteorological determinants of pollution dispersion identi …...ed by the atmospheric pollution literature. We find that the effect of environmental regulation on the pattern of trade is …

This paper estimates an augmented measure of national output inclusive of environmental pollution damage in the United … States economy over a 60-year period. The paper reports two primary findings. First, air pollution intensity declined … precipitously from the 1950s to the modern era. Air pollution damage comprised roughly 30 percent of output in the post WWII economy …