purpose of this paper is to present an improved version of seagull optimization algorithm for optimal parameter identification … different conditions. Simulation results are compared with several optimization algorithms and show the algorithm’s superiority … of the PEMFC stacks. The new algorithm uses the Lévy flight mechanism to give faster convergence rates. The sum of the …

minimizing the SSE, a newly developed model of the Sunflower Optimization Algorithm (DSFO) is proposed. Performance analysis is … results have been compared with the empirical data and also some state of art methods including Seagull Optimization Algorithm … (SOA), Multi-verse optimizer (MVO), and Shuffled Frog-Leaping Algorithm (SFLA). Final results indicate 2.18 and 0.014 SSE …