China's iron and steel industry has developed rapidly over the past two decades. The annual crude steel production is nearly half of the global production, and approximately 90% of the steel is produced via BF-BOF route that is energy-intensive. Based on the practice of integrated steelmaking...

A linear economic model has proven to lead society into an unsustainable situation. Current policies have been promoting the transition for a circular economy across Europe. Portugal's Action Plan for Circular Economy foresees the development of regional agendas, which include the...

Nowadays the production systems are linear and the consumption patterns are essentially based on products with a short life cycle, which contribute to increase the demand for raw materials and environmental impacts. The Circular Economy (CE) is playing a major role among scholars and...

Energy consumption per capita in Qatar reached 17,418 kg of oil equivalent in 2014 which make Qatar one of the biggest energy consumers around the world. Therefore, the Multiscale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) approach has been employed to analyze energy...

Keeping a sustainable environment is always a massive challenge for oil-exporting countries, and in that situation, industrialization and rapid growth of urbanization can add fuel to the fire. We investigate the effects of industrialization and urbanization on the CO2 emissions per capita in...

The current study objective is to contribute to the factors that make better the economic growth of the Asia countries with an importance on the frequently deserted bilateral FDI, energy use, CO2 emissions and capital role in the economic growth. This study applies generalized method of moments...

We use a panel data set of 193 countries over 1990-2017 period, by employ the Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR), three stage least squares regression (3SLS), dynamic model two-step generalized method of moments and two-step system generalized method of moments approach to investigate the...

The pattern of development of the economies of Europe and the world in recent decades is a focus on sustainable development. In accordance with the declaration of the United Nations Conference of 1992, sustainable development is defined as "equitable meeting the needs of present and future...

During the last two decades CO2 emissions increased rapidly along with the growth of production and energy use in the industrial sector in Thailand. We use the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method to decompose the source of changes of CO2 emission level and CO2 emission intensity of the...

There is growing concern about the decline of the ore grade in mines and the increased energy usage for processing and refining metals. In the limit, where no concentrated deposits exist, minerals must be obtained from bare rock. A method for quantitatively assessing the "free bonus" granted by...