Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as a more benign replacement to toxic and volatile organic solvents in enzymatic biodiesel production, used to minimize methanol inhibition effect and enhance the stability of immobilized enzyme. Despite their several advantages, ILs are expensive, which...

Resource and energy use efficiency is one of the principal requirements of eco-efficient and sustainable agriculture. Seedy watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris; Joboni population) is irrigated by two methods including full and reduced irrigation systems in Iran. The objective of the present study was...

This paper attempts to investigate the impact of economic growth and CO2 emissions on energy consumption for a global panel of 58 countries using dynamic panel data model estimated by means of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) for the period 1990-2012. We also estimate this relationship...

This paper develops an energy management system with integration of smart meters for electricity consumers in a smart grid context. The integration of two types of smart meters (SM) are developed: (i) consumer owned SM and (ii) distributor owned SM. The consumer owned SM runs over a wireless...

Efficient use of energy in agroecosystems will reduce environmental problems, prevent destruction of natural resources and serve to promote sustainable agriculture as an economical production system. The aim of this study was to investigate the energy use efficiency in four double cropping...

This study investigates the effect of the presence of fireplaces at the household level independent of the function of ambiance and indoor air quality. The focus of this study is on the winter heating energy use of homes with and without fireplaces to promote energy conservation. Three years of...

This study investigates the influence of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the population on residential energy utilization patterns at the ZIP code level in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The City of San Antonio, Texas is the seventh most populous city in the United States and...

Since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held its Rio meeting in 1992, where participants discussed the necessity of fighting against the hazardous effects of pollution and climate change, these issues have become even more pressing world-wide. The ever-increasing...

The Brazilian government has been promoting energy efficiency measures for industry since the eighties but with very limited returns, as shown in this paper. The governments of some other countries dedicated much more effort and funds for this area and reached excellent results. The...

Demand response (DR) can expand the customer participation in the electricity market and lead by changing its pattern from a simple function to an interactive relation. There are various methods to evaluate the successful implementation of DR program, the most important of which is determination...