The need to decarbonize economic production processes is undeniable and has been considered by most countries worldwide. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) technologies appear among the most promising routes to the decarbonization process. We propose an...

Keeping a sustainable environment is always a massive challenge for oil-exporting countries, and in that situation, industrialization and rapid growth of urbanization can add fuel to the fire. We investigate the effects of industrialization and urbanization on the CO2 emissions per capita in...

Iran has become one of the most CO2 emitting countries during the last decades. The country ranks after Japan and Germany in terms of CO2 emissions. However, from an economic viewpoint, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Iran is lower than the summation of Berlin and Tokyo GDP. Moreover, a...

While previous studies focus on linear unit root test to study the convergence of carbon price in some developed countries and the results might be biased due to the lower power of these linear unit root tests. China provides an interesting arena to investigate its carbon price convergence due...

Environmental concerns related to fossil fuels utilization has developed different energy/environmental policy tools that Carbon tax is one of the important ones. There are huge debates among different political parties related to the positive and negative effects of the carbon tax on the energy...

Biodiesel is one of the renewable fuels which is similar to diesel fuel. Biodiesel fuel has more oxygen than diesel fuel and this leads to better combustion and thereby, decreases PM, CO, and UHC emissions. On the other hand, biodiesel has a higher viscosity and density than diesel fuel which...

The 2016 Paris Agreement (UNFCCC Authors, 2015) is the latest of initiative to create an international consensus on action to reduce GHG emissions. However, the challenge of meeting its targets lies mainly in the intimate relationship between GHG emissions and energy production, which in turn...

In order to have sustainable development, it is necessary to manage energy use and greenhouse gases (GHG) emission in all production processes. The aim of this study was to compare wheat production in dryland and irrigated agroecosystems in terms of greenhouse gases (GHG) emission based on...

MENA countries published national policy targets for the implementation of electricity from renewable energy (RE). These targets are important as they serve as framework for stakeholders in the energy sector like businesses and administration, while also showing governmental ambitions to the...

The manufacturing process of renewable energy components involves some conventional energy at different steps. It is then clear that the fabrication of the components of a renewable energy system will emit an amount of greenhouse gas(GHG). The work carried out in this paper is based on...