The use of petroleum as a leading source across the globe accounts for overall energy demand. However, despite what may appear to be a declining contribution of petroleum to the world's energy supply, overall consumption of petroleum has, excluding oscillations attributable to a select number of...

This research examines empirically volatility spillover effect of oil prices on exchange rate. We are specifically concerned with the comparison of the relative magnitude of the oil shock on the exchange rate volatilities of 5 major oil importers (Pakistan, India, China, Japan, and Germany) and...

Under the influence of economic, technological and political factors, the oil market is prone to constant change, which requires analysis of its developmental trends. The purpose of this article is to do a comprehensive analysis of the impact of OPEC + countries on trade wars in the global oil...

The COVID-19 epidemic has severely affected the world economy and energy markets. In order to alleviate the shock, stabilize the financial market, and promote economic recovery, the Fed announced an unlimited QE policy. In order to understand the impact of the policy on the energy market under...

In the changing world, oil continues to be important in energy production. Using monthly data from 1965 to 2022, the permanency of oil consumption fluctuations was investigated. Fourier-based Granger causality tests were used to examine cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Long-term...

This study analyzes the efficiency of the crude palm oil (CPO) futures market by conducting a variance ratio test and comparing it to the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) futures market. We discover that the weak-form efficient market hypothesis holds for both the CPO and WTI futures markets...

This study uses the time-varying parameter/stochastic volatility vector autoregression (TVP-SV-VAR) model to explore the impact of uncertainty risk on oil prices. Economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk were used as proxy variables for economic and political uncertainty risk. The study...

This research estimated the smooth transition autoregressive model with exogenous variables to evaluate the non-linearity of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil price from the exchange rate of US dollar and WTI crude oil production. The sample period used in this research was the weekly data...

This paper uses bivariate quantile causality nonparametric test and wavelet coherence to analyze the impacts of geopolitical risks and global economic policy uncertainty on global oil market price fluctuations. Quantitative results show that the international geopolitical risk and uncertainty in...

This paper explores the asymmetric connectedness of systemic risk between the oil and global stock markets in both the time and frequency domains. To do so, we introduce time-varying parametric vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) spillover index models and implied volatility indices to examine risk...