We analyze the energy market and ETS outcomes in Kazakhstan, a major fossil-fuel exporter. The energy market was characterized by the presence of large state-owned enterprises, prevalence of fossil fuel subsidies, and dominance of coal-fired generation. Despite the ETS, Kazakhstan's CO2...

Governments all over the world are investigating how to mitigate environmental risk and how to address climate policies to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study focuses on interactions between climate policy development and different SDGs. The study analyses panel data for the...

Geoengineering options such as negative emissions technologies (NETs) or greenhouse gas removal (GGR) may need to contribute towards decarbonization, by removing CO2 from the atmosphere and storing it safely in biological or geological sinks, or reflecting sunlight back into space via solar...

Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) represent 22% of global greenhouse gas emissions. To meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement, the AFOLU sector greenhouse gases must be dramatically reduced and eventually transformed to net negative CO2e within this century. The...

Mexico's current climate change policy sets the country on a development pathway which is inconsistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement. The Deep Decarbonization methodology has been used to develop an alternative whole-economy pathway to 2050 consistent with limiting warming to between 1.5...

When establishing national climate change response policies, conflicts between various stakeholders may arise. Therefore, we need a collaborative climate change governance to coordinate stakeholders' opinions. Many countries have formed and operated committee-type governance to respond to...

Sustainable energy transition is garnering attention as a method to achieve emission reduction targets. In this transition, technology learning and spillovers, which are representative sources of technological change, have significant implications. Most previous studies focused on inter-country...

The aim of this paper is to review the objectives to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and to increase the renewable energy share (RES) in gross final energy consumption from the European Commission (EC) and the related member state contributions to reflect their consistency. Therefore, a...

Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are a cornerstone of an effective approach to climate change mitigation. Despite the variety of methodologies for characterising the energy system, land use change, economics, and climate response, the modelling community has an open and urgent request for...

The key goal of this research is to propose a method (and a tool) to explore the evolution of the energy sector in Kazakhstan subject to a flexible "user-defined" criterion (e.g. perception of risk of competitiveness loss for the system), so as to trigger the transition towards the emission...