, which can be computed back to the first era of financial globalization for 17 countries. Global financial market integration … shapes hypothesized in earlier literature. We find no evidence of financial globalization reversing since the Great Recession …

of both advanced and emerging countries during two periods of globalization -- the pre-World War I classical gold … the two eras of globalization reflects factors such as strong cross-country interdependence fostered through links to gold …

We consider the operation of international capital markets in two periods of globalization, before 1914 and after 1971 … international monetary framework was responsible for the relatively short-lived and mild nature of pre-World War I financial crises …

for the United States but also with reference to the wider world. We establish the outlines of international integration a … century ago and analyze the institutional and informational impediments that prevented the late nineteenth century world from … achieving the same degree of integration as today. We conclude that the world today is different: commercial and financial …

The financial crisis has re-ignited the fierce debate about the merits of financial globalization and its implications …