This paper considers the problem of finding the densest packing of N (N = 1, 2, ...) equal circles in a circle. This problem is perhaps the most classical packing problem. It is also a natural and challenging test system for evaluating various global optimization methods. We propose a...

This paper investigates the circular open dimension problem (CODP), which consists of packing a set of circles of known radii into a strip of fixed width and unlimited length without overlapping. The objective is to minimize the length of the strip. In this paper, CODP is solved by a series of...

The rectangle packing area minimization problem is a key sub-problem of floorplanning in VLSI design. This problem places a set of axis aligned two-dimensional rectangular items of given sizes onto a rectangular plane such that no two items overlap and the area of the enveloping rectangle is...