Over the course of the nineteenth century manufacturing in the United States shifted from artisan shop to factory … building of extensive railroad network. Using a newly created data set of manufacturing establishments linked to county level … data on rail access from 1850-70, we ask whether the coming of the railroad increased establishment size in manufacturing …

manufacturing from 1850 to 1880. In nominal terms, the aggregate capital-output ratio in our samples rose by 30 percent from 1850 to …

archival data for manufacturing establishments, we show that capital-output and capital-labor ratios in southern manufacturing … declined relative to non-southern manufacturing after the War, precisely in the direction implied by the regional shifts in … factor prices. Labor productivity in Southern manufacturing also declined, but this decline is explained by the reduction in …

We use data from the manuscript censuses of manufacturing for 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880 to study the dispersion of …

count of workers in manufacturing establishments in the early censuses of manufacturing. According to Sokoloff, this biased … thumb" imputation for the entrepreneurial labor input. Using establishment level manufacturing data from the 1850 …. As a result, the early censuses of manufacturing did overstate labor productivity in small relative to large …

-skilling in the conventional sense did occur overall in nineteenth century manufacturing, a more nuanced picture is that …