In this paper, by using panel data and a fixed effects model, we estimate the direct rebound effect related to space heating in German residential households. The data used are from a representative repeated survey among some 11,000 households in Germany provided by the German Institute of...

With the increased adoption of solar photovoltaics (PV) and batteries, and the use of electronicsand appliances powered by direct current (DC), e.g. heat pumps, and electric vehicles (EVs), DCtechnologies offer higher energy efficiency compared to the entrenched alternating current...