. The model captures the most salient features of Austria as a small open economy, the Euro Area (EA) and the United States …, whereas in the latter, the monetary policy of Austria is fully aligned with the European Central Bank. Main results are … that in the pre-EMU period, the EA and Austria present welfare costs close to one percent of steady-state consumption …

the EMU and investigates in how far this has altered macroeconomic transmission. We find that Austria's economy appears to … estimations on pre-EMU and EMU subsamples we find that the contribution of (rest of the) Euro Area shocks to Austria's business …