Motivated by increasing trade and fragmentation of production across countries since World War II, we build a dynamic …

Services, which are less traded than goods, rose from 58 percent of world expenditure in 1970 to 79 percent in 2015 … consumption has affected trade. Without structural change, we find that the world trade to GDP ratio would be 15 percentage points … in trade costs, ongoing structural change implies that world trade as a share of GDP would eventually decline. Going …

negotiation, formation, and rules of international trade agreements. Among other changes, China's 2001 accession to the World … explanations for these puzzling results as well as potential implications for the sustainability of the rules of the world trading …