also provide more overdraft credit and bounce a smaller share of checks following preemption. The share of low … they remain unbanked, leading some to believe that limiting bank fees would improve financial inclusion. We use the federal …, national banks raise overdraft fees relative to state-chartered banks in affected states. However, banks in affected states …

in the availability of credit. Using data from the nationally representative Surveys of Small Business Finances, which … differences in the availability of credit to male- and female-owned firms. More specifically, female-owned firms are significantly … more likely to be credit constrained because they are more likely to be discouraged from applying for credit and more …

capital should isolate the role that the market plays in disciplining banks. I document that since the Federal Deposit … investors, the mix of debt has had a positive effect on the future outcomes of distressed banks, as if the presence of debt … investors has worked to limit moral hazard. To mitigate concerns about selection, I use the variation across banks in the mix of …

In August of 2007, banks faced a freeze in funding liquidity from the asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) market. We … investigate how banks scrambled for liquidity in response to this freeze and its implications for corporate borrowing. Commercial … banks in the United States raised deposits and took advances from Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs). In contrast, foreign …

in the one-month and three-month Libor. We explain such stress by modeling leveraged banks' precautionary demand for … turn, banks hoard liquidity and decrease term lending as their rollover risk increases over the term of the loan. High …

reserve requirements. We also examine the potential for balance-sheet cost frictions to distort banks' lending decisions. We … find that large reserve balances do not lead to excessive bank credit and may instead be contractionary …

A major lesson of the recent financial crisis is that the ability of banks to withstand liquidity shocks and to provide …

Does the federal funds rate respond to shocks when aggregate reserves are in the trillions of dollars? Has banks …