Eighteenth century witnessed the industrial revolution, which paved the way to change the human society from agrarian to industrialized society. It not only changed the scale and methods but the whole pattern of the manufacturing. Big factories replaced individual handicrafts wherein workers...

In Pakistan Labor unions‘ is least researched area. Labor unions in Pakistan have been attributed with securing financial benefits for their members through collective bargaining. But unions have also been exerting efforts for securing non-financial benefits for workers in the form of: Job...

According to definition of labor unions, they have always been attributed with securing financial and non-financial benefits for their members through collective bargaining. But unions have also been playing role beyond collective bargaining for state and employer in: increasing productivity or...

HRD is an important topic of present time. It is considered by management professionals as sub discipline of HRM, but many researchers have broadened the scope and integrated the concept of HRD by looking it from socioeconomic angle and giving it other dimensions such as physical, intellectual,...

HRD is an important topic of present time. It is considered by management professionals, as sub discipline of HRM, but many researchers have, broadened the scope and integrated the concept of HRD by looking it from socioeconomic angle and giving it other dimension such as physical, intellectual,...

Labor unions are the organization which by definition have function of only struggling to secure benefits for their members, such as financial gains like rise of wages, bonuses, various allowances insurance benefits, overtime payment and non financial bene fits such as job security, comfortable...

The rapid pace of technological change brings with it an active debate about appropriate economic policies regarding research, innovation, and the commercialization of new technology. This annual series, sponsored by the National Bureau of Economic Research, provides a forum to bring the work of...

This annual series, sponsored by the National Bureau of Economic Research, provides a forum for research on the interactions among public policy, the innovation process, and the economy. Discussions cover all types of policy that affect the ability of an economy to achieve scientific and...

This new annual series, sponsored by the National Bureau of Economic Research, will provide a forum for research on the interactions between public policy and the innovation process. Discussions will cover all types of policy that affect the ability of an economy to achieve scientific and...