In light of the weak labor market conditions in the United States from 2008 until recently, one might have expected that participation in alternative income-generating activities, such as informal side-jobs, would have increased during that period. By the same logic, participation in informal...

Relative pay — earnings compared with the earnings of others doing a similar job, or compared with one's earnings in the past — affects how much individuals would like to work (labor supply) and their effort on the job; it therefore has implications for both employers and policy makers. A...

Despite very low unemployment in the United States in recent months, wage inflation has remained modest. This paper investigates the possibility that there is hidden labor market slack in the form of informal or gig economy work, which may help explain this wage growth puzzle. Using unique data...