intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection in determining innovation in developing countries (South). We show that although … through which the knowledge acquired by emigrants abroad can flow back to the South and enhance the skills of the remaining … workers there. By increasing the size of the innovation sector and the skill-intensity of emigration, IPRs protection makes it …

This paper studies the consequences of parallel import (PI) on process innovation of firms heterogeneous in their …. The impact of PI on innovation is determined by the degree of heterogeneity between firms and trade costs. Increasing … market, hence increases its innovation efforts. A tariff policy accompanied by opening borders to PI only increases welfare …

This research sheds light on the role of product scope on the innovation activity of multinational multi-product firms …. We use patent citation data to break down innovation into two types by measuring the degree to which innovation performed … focus on two features in multinational production: (i) fundamental innovation is geographically more difficult to transfer …