Assuming that higher traveling expenses reduce traveling time, this paper considers tax deductibility of commuting expenses when a distorting wage tax is levied. While the decision on commuting expenses would not be distorted if traveling costs were completely deductible, taxation would still...

This paper considers the EU regional policy and analyzes two kinds of externalities that can explain why matching grants are used to subsidize regional infrastructure: horizontal pecuniary externalities via capital markets, and positive vertical fiscal externalities created by the financing of...