The economist's approach to this question must rest on the basic concept of the opportunity cost arising when individuals engage in market work rather than producing goods and services at home. All discussions of the efficiency of the tax structure must take account of the forgone domestic...

We examine two different policy regimes towards continuing vocational training for the adult workforce: policy in France has been interventionist, using an employer training levy since the 1970s, whereas British policy has relied largely on individual initiatives for training investment by...