-quality firms. Public liquidity support preserves the overall production capacity. However, by dampening the cleansing effects, it … the expectations of liquidity support that motivate low-quality firms to overinvest pre-crisis. Finally, the size of … on savings discourage firms from self-insurance against crises through internal liquidity accumulation …

, holding intermediaries' debt as cash. This paper shows that intermediaries' liquidity creation stimulates growth -- firms hold …. Introducing government debt as a competing source of liquidity is a double-edged sword: firms hold more liquidity in every state … of the world, but by squeezing intermediaries' profits and amplifying their leverage cycle, public liquidity increases …

Liquidity production is a central function of banks. High leverage is optimal for banks in a model that has just enough …) safe/liquid debt, but no taxes or other traditional motives to lever up. Because only safe debt commands a liquidity …