Trade facilitation measures improve the trading environment by reducing transaction costs and thereby increasing the gains from trade. Although the use of trade facilitation measures for tackling trade bottlenecks has gained traction in recent times, one aspect which remains largely unexplored...

Significant measures were undertaken by India and Pakistan to liberalize trade in 2012. In particular, Pakistan's policy to permit all items to be imported from India except for a few items was expected to bring about a quantum increase in India's exports. Similarly, India's efforts to address...

Delays at the border for customs clearance are seemingly a central feature of the trade regime in the CIS states. Here, we argue that with queuing costs being endogenously determined in such circumstances tariff liberalization (even in the small economy case) can be welfare worsening since...