We use a controlled laboratory experiment to study the causal impact of income decreases within a time period on …, we investigate the effect of a negative income trend (intra-personal decrease), which means a decreasing income compared … to one's recent past. Second, we investigate the effect of a negative income trend relative to the income trend of …

In this paper we use administrative data from the social security to study income dynamics and income risk inequality … in Spain between 2005 and 2018. We construct individual measures of income risk as functions of past employment history …, income, and demographics. Focusing on males, we document that income risk is highly unequal in Spain: more than half of the …

the poorest families, suggests the importance of limited income resources, along with increased uncertainty emanating from …