education (ℎ) and productive human capital 𝑠 = 𝑠(𝑎, ℎ), both for home country residents and skilled migrants, under the … 'vetting' immigration system (e.g., US H-1B program), which accounts for 𝑠. Findings are: i) Education increases with ability … on the average level of ℎ and 𝑠; thus, migrants' average ability and education is higher than that of non-migrants; iii …