crowds out language investments but raises enrollment in education. The policy had no or very small effects for women, which …

learning. Finally, I outline how education, training and labour market policies could help expand the supply of digital skills. …

when the net returns to education expected ex ante are negative. Failure can also be taken as a signal of the real skills … of individuals who do not succeed to gain a higher level of education, The job search approach underlines the role of …

Education can generate important externalities that contribute towards economic growth and convergence. In this paper …, we study the drivers of such externalities by conducting the first meta-analysis of the social returns to education …

Providing income support to unemployed education-leavers reduces the returns to investments in education because it … conditioning the prospective entitlement to unemployment benefits for education-leavers on age or schooling attainment can affect … degree completion and reduce dropout in higher education, but not in high school. We argue that the higher prevalence of …