unknown whether mental health morbidity causally leads to addictive behaviours. This paper utilises a fixed effects … instrumental variables model, which is identified by time-varying sources of plausibly exogenous variations in mental health, and a … of smokers, and is slightly higher for males. Our findings highlight the importance of mental health screening and …

This paper presents a meta-analysis on the effects of retirement on health. We select academic papers published between … 2000 and 2021 studying the impact of retirement on physical and mental health, self-assessed general health, healthcare … health outcomes. Almost 60% of the observations do not provide statistically significant findings. Using meta …

The relationship between physical activity and child health and development is well-documented, yet the extant … literature provides limited causal insight into the amount of physical activity considered optimal for improving any given health … comprehensive set of health, non-cognitive development, and academic outcomes of children and adolescents. Applying an individual …

of later-life cognitive function. Leveraging a nationally representative sample of older Americans from the Health and ….0-7.0% after further controlling for comprehensive socioeconomic and health factors over the life course, and are robust to the …, and early-life environments to promote health equity over the life course. …

This study examines the impacts of caregiving by grandparents on children's academic performance in China, using data …-effects models with panel data estimation techniques, we find evidence that grandparents appear to have an adverse effect on the test … the education of grandparents plays an important role on the success of grandchildren and that increased schooling of …

The growth of novel flexible work formats raises a number of questions about their effects upon health and the …-employment in terms of health. In addition to variation in work status of each individual over time, we also consider variation … driven by a number of novel instrumental variables. We also focus on an objective health outcome …