This paper analyzes the effects of language practice on earnings among adult male immigrants in Canada using the 1991 … Census. Earnings are shown to increase with schooling, pre-immigration experience and duration in Canada, as well as with … languages enhances the effects on earnings of schooling and pre-immigration labor market experience. Language proficiency and …

The initial earnings of U.S. immigrants vary enormously by country of origin. Via three interrelated analyses, we show … earnings convergence across source countries with time in the United States. Human-capital theory plausibly explains the … inverse relationship between initial earnings and earnings growth rates: the good fit between data and theory suggests that …

manifest itself in earnings differentials at age 29, controlling for eighth grade achievement, which are statistically …

considerable growth in earnings; others can hardly maintain their entry salaries. This article sheds light on the mechanisms … generating the observed heterogeneity in earnings progression by investigating the effects of on-the-job human capital … acquisition, explicit short-run incentives and career concern incentives on earnings progression. The model leads to predictions …

sector wage setting and trade unions, in determining earnings differences across different types of employment. To do this we … use the KwaZulu-Natal Income Dynamics Study data from South Africa, which show extremely large average earnings … the earnings differentials within the private sector, including the union premium, but cannot explain the large premiums …

This meta-analysis utilizes 24 papers published between 2012-2020 that focus on earnings differences by sexual … data sets after 2010, gay men and bisexual men and women continue to experience earnings penalties, while lesbian women … continue to experience earnings premiums. Τhe meta-regression estimates indicate relationships between study characteristics …

Many contributions suggest that earnings instability has increased during the 1980s and 1990s. This paper develops and … explaining earnings instability. To study the evolution over time of these different components we extract two estimation samples … contribute to the increase in earnings instability even if it is only their joint effect that generates what we observe in the …

Two radically different descriptions of immigrant earnings trajectories in the U.S. have emerged. One asserts that … immigrant men following the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act have low initial earnings and high earnings growth. Another … asserts that post-1965 immigrants have low initial earnings and low earnings growth. We describe the methodological issues …

This paper is one of the first comprehensive attempts to compare earnings in urban China and India over the recent … levels in China and significantly accentuates the reversal of the wage gap in favour of this country for the first half of …