The paper adds to the literature on innovation and employment by looking at the relationship between R&D investments … of the emergence of non-standard work, alternative work arrangements and self-employment if offered first. The … individual shifts from paid employment to either unemployment or self-employment over the period 2001-13, as linked to changes in …

using unique Swedish employeremployee data shows that the observed wage gap between established refugees and comparable … same characteristics as the refugees, using panel data for 2003-2013 to capture unobserved heterogeneity. …

using unique Swedish employer-employee data shows that the observed wage gap between established refugees and comparable … same characteristics as the refugees, using panel data for 2003-2013 to capture unobserved heterogeneity. …

that refugees perform better than natives at the median wage, controlling for individual and firm characteristics. This …