adolescents, favoring earlier-born children within household in academic achievement and cognitive skill measures. We highlight … harsh parenting as a novel channel of birth order effects, in which earlier-born children are less likely to be physically … punished by their parents. Focusing on son preference as a potential mechanism generating birth order effects, our tests show …

explain the underinvestment of parents in their children's human capital. We first incorporate these two potential mechanisms …

secondary education to selective academic programs that open doors to skilled, well-paid professions. This gives parents a … strong incentive to invest substantial resources in improving their children's' achievement on these tests, thus reinforcing … educated and affluent parents do much better on the screening tests that regulate access to the most selective tertiary …

This study examines the impacts of caregiving by grandparents on children's academic performance in China, using data …

-Saharan Africa). This suggests a dominant role for the parents in determining educational opportunities of children. Evidence on the …

Many children worldwide are left behind by parents who are migrating for work. While previous literature has studied … the effect of parental migration on children's educational outcomes and cognitive achievements, this study focuses on how … parental migration affects children's non-cognitive development. We use longitudinal data of children in rural China and adopt …

attainment, the relaxation of budget constraints, and increased social contact for children whose parents are less advantaged in …

fathers and mothers and their children by drawing on a unique dataset of 1,999 members of Bangladeshi families, including 911 … children, aged 6-17 years, and 544 pairs of mothers and fathers. We find a large degree of intergenerational persistence as the … economic preferences of mothers and fathers are significantly positively related to their children’s economic preferences …

square and two-stage least square methods find that more children can enhance elderly parents’ subjective well-being (SWB … causal evidence of the impact of fertility on elderly parents' SWB from a developing economy. …In this paper, we test the conventional wisdom in developing countries of 'more children, more happiness' by exploiting …