wages. This paper also contributes to the wider literature by providing the first estimates of the longitudinal gain (loss …) associated with joining (leaving) a union with respect to non-wage benefits. The findings show joining (leaving) a union … increases (decreases) the probability of being in receipt of legally guaranteed benefits such as bonuses and paid holidays. This …

This chapter focuses on the lessons learned from four decades of studying the relationship between unions and job …

constraints for blue-collar jobs than white-collar/pink-collar jobs, and that women face greater age discrimination than men …

with those of older White British men and women, and with those of older Black British men and women. The study … White British men and women, as well as older Black British men and women, experience occupational access constraints and … Black British men and women. In addition, Black British women experience the highest level of age discrimination. These …

differences for education between men and women, documenting a significantly larger premium for women. This sharp distinction is … causal as demonstrated by analysis of the compulsory schooling law. Recent bans on women's education and employment are … projected to have significant negative impacts on women's future schooling, wage growth, and national income growth. …

to employment, wages, prices and household well-being. The meta-analysis finds that most results on employment and wages … are non-significant. When significant, decreases in employment and wages are more likely to occur than increases with …

understand better the nature of RS in the country: it involves an element of risk sharing, as wages also decrease when profits … fall; RS is lower in regions with more latent competition from rural workers; higher minimum wages tend to reduce RS; and …, while employer labour market power reduces wages, it increases RS. Overall, despite its importance, RS in China is smaller …