the quantity and the quality of children. We first present the theoretical model of intra-household bargaining in the … presence of conflicting family goals within a couple, and show that male scarcity (a decrease in the male to female sex ratio …) induces an increase in the number of children, but a decrease in the quality of children. Second, using the impact of World …

strong incentive to invest substantial resources in improving their children's' achievement on these tests, thus reinforcing … investing in their children's test-taking abilities and improving their access to selective tertiary programs; and employers not …

whether, and to what extent, does the incidence of early marriage shape the married women's perspectives on gender preference … with 7.7 - 12.5% higher incidence of fertility discontinuation among women without a son. This son-preferring behaviour is … have sharpened over time. The findings of this study underscore the role played by early marriage in altering the gender …

largely explained by the extra costs of schooling for migrant households. Finally, we show that the parents of rural children … absent for children of preschool age. We also find that (1) boys are more likely to migrate following the reduction in the … number of rural primary schools, (2) migrant households with multiple children tend to take their sons to migrate more than …

demographics (workers' region of birth, education, and gender) and employer characteristics (firm size and collective bargaining). …

We examine how the gender of business-owners is related to the wages paid to female relative to male employees working … in their firms. Using Finnish register data and employing firm fixed effects, we find that the gender pay gap is … - starting from a gender pay gap of 11 to 12 percent - two to three percentage-points lower for hourly wages in female …

remarkably during the panel years. Fixed-effects instrumental variable (FEIV) estimation results show that individual fertility … female workers' fertility is positive, with worsened working conditions. Furthermore, in line with family economics theory …This paper studies the effects of import competition from China and Eastern Europe (EE) on the fertility decisions of …

students in India. We measure teacher's bias through an index capturing teacher's subjective beliefs about the role of gender … the medium-performing students, having a female teacher significantly reduces the gender gap in math performance. As a …

Using over 50 thousand time-use diaries from two cohorts of children, we document significant gender differences in … gaps in non-cognitive skills. As children age, gender differences in time allocation play an increasing role in explaining … educational activities and less time on physical and media related activities. These gender gaps in time allocation appear at very …