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While female labor force participation (LFP) in Iran is among the lowest in the world, there is hardly any study on the COVID-19 pandemic effects on the country's female LFP. We find that female LFP decreased during the pandemic years by around 1 percentage point in 2021 and 2022. When...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014557664
causal impact of these removals on the labour force participation and employment of transgender people. The findings …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012286359
This paper discusses research on the relationship between fertility and women's labour force participation. It surveys methods used to obtain causal identification, and provides an overview of the evidence of causal effects in both directions. We highlight a few themes that we regard as...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013282876
for low female work participation. The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) Employment Unemployment Survey (EUS) unit …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012129949
Female labour force participation has increased tremendously since World War II in developed countries. Prior research provides piecemeal evidence identifying some drivers of change but largely fails to present a consistent story. Using a rare combination of data and modelling capacity available...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012220785
education, we find a large and positive effect of tertiary education on employment. It confirms the important role of education … in reducing gender gap in employment. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012590767
builds on the existing literature on the effect of marriage on women's employment in MENA. Besides examining how different … in the extent to which self-employment after marriage is available to women to compensate for the reduction in wage … employment opportunities. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012113827
gaps in employment and earnings. We find that women have notably lower employment rates and earnings than men, even though … earnings gaps are higher in self-employment than in wage employment. Tertiary education and urban location account for a large … part of the gender earnings gap and mitigate high female propensity to self-employment. Our findings suggest that policies …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012507715
This paper analyzes the occupational status and distribution of free women in the antebellum United States. It considers both their reported and unreported (imputed) occupations, using the 1/100 IPUMS files from the 1860 Census of Population. After developing and testing the model based on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013164106
This paper examines the impact of male casualties due to World War II on fertility and female employment in the United … fertility, we provide evidence that county male casualties are positively related to 1950s female employment and household …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012518072