We develop a scale of severity of violence against women based on fuzzy set theory. The scale can be used to derive … scale and three widely used alternatives - the Conflict Tactic Scale, The Severity of Violence Against Women Scale and the … with the degree of gender equality. …

, social norms about how much housework men and women should contribute are likely to influence couples' housework allocation … by predicted housework time, and that women's satisfaction, but not men's, is robustly affected by their partners … dimensions. We suggest several reasons for our results, including that housework is more salient in women's lives than in men …

While education and labor force participation of women have been increased, there is still a substantial gender gap in … men and women. This finding also holds in a recursive multivariate probit model that accounts for potential endogeneity of … and gender equality. We address this question by examining the influence of works councils on the gender policies of …

against women. We find that husband's education lowers the probability of suffering physical, emotional and economic violence … that the marriage was arranged against the woman's will, and makes men less inclined to engage in socially unacceptable … behaviours such as drinking, gambling, and drug abuse. We also find that women whose mothers or whose husbands’ mothers …

involved more frequent warfare. This raised the social status of men and restricted women's movement. These two mechanisms have … partial mechanisms. First, in pre-modern societies the men captured technologies complementary to irrigation, raising their …, and the women worked closer to home. Next, due to the common pool nature of irrigation water, historically irrigation has …

state of residence. Overall, the results suggest that policies that aim to increase women's education and promote gender …-in-law's presence consistently diminishes the daughter-in-law's engagement in paid work and increases both women's time spent on …-equal attitudes among men can enhance the daughter-in-law's bargaining power and time allocation. …

subnational divisiveness to gender divisiveness across countries. The global collection of massive data on human behavior provides …

cultural markers that identify subnational population groups, and compare subnational divisiveness to gender divisiveness …