Level 1: Framework Directive, Level 2: Implementing Measures (Commission), Level 3: Convergent implementation assisted by close cooperation between national authorities, Level 4: Rigorous enforcement of Community legislation by the Commission...

Groups provide fine examples of cohesive synergies. Group dynamics can create unique risks/exposures. Holding companies may exist with direct or indirect control and/or ownership...

Financial services (including insurance) depend on consumer trust confidence. Trust and confidence requires regulation of financial businesses to be financially sound and behave well...