Covid-19 has highlighted the fragility of supply chains in a range of critical infrastructure: food, medicines, health care, information technology, communications, and more. This paper focuses on an under-appreciated supply chain risk—network cybersecurity—that was present before the...

Models of creative destruction posit that recessions are periods of reallocation and disruption, generating new ideas that catapult new firms to the frontier. However, empirical evidence suggests that research and development (R&D) expenditures and patenting is procyclical, not counter-cyclical....

Covid-19 has highlighted the fragility of supply chains in a range of critical infrastructure— food, medicines, health care, information technology, communications, and more. This paper focuses on an under-appreciated supply chain risk, network cybersecurity, that was present before the...