Although Principal Investigators are key actors in scientific fields, there is little focus on what they actually do in shaping new scientific directions. This paper studies PIs practices to better understand their roles. Our central contribution is to identify the different ways in which PIs...

Scientists collaborate to acquire new competencies and to access to scientific equipment that they require to perform research. Since the development of genomics and tools for "mass gene and protein exploration", instrumentation has become more and more resource-consuming, making sharing...

Nanotechnologies are often presented as breakthrough innovations, where technology transfer and knowledge-bridging will play a pivotal role in the industrial dynamics. This article investigates the model of knowledge transfer in the nanotechnologies in depth, by comparing it with the models of...

Les technologies émergentes comme la microélectronique des années 70, les biotechnologies des années 80-90 ou les nanotechnologies des années 2000 s'expriment sous forme de vagues technologiques (Kahane, 2008) qui sont porteuses de promesses scientifiques et techniques (Pautrat, 2002), de...

One of the major challenges confronted by those in charge of technological innovation involves anticipating the value creation model sufficiently early on,in a highly uncertain context both as far as the technology itself is concerned and the potential market. Today, in many industrial sectors,...

This paper explores how climate change affects MNEs, focusing on the challenges they face in overcoming liabilities and filling institutional voids related to the issue. Climate change is characterized by institutional failures because there is neither an enforceable global agreement nor a...

This article describes a method to collect, formalise, organise and display knowledge in what we call an "electronic knowledge book". The development of such a document is based on knowledge modelling. This is a complementary approach to information retrieval, dedicated to knowledge exploitation...

This paper provides an answer to the question of why agents make self-serving decisions under moral hazard and how their self-serving decisions can be kept in check through institutional arrangements. Our theoretical model predicts that the agents' power and the manner in which they are held...

Competition among producers within an integrated electricity system is impeded by any limited transmission capacity there may be at its borders. Two alternative market mechanisms have recently been designed to organize the allocation of scarce transmission capacity at cross-border level: (i) the...

Cet article définit ce qu'est une chaîne de valeur de la connaissance, permettant de gérer les processus de transformation impliquant la connaissance dans une entreprise, afin d'en obtenir la meilleure performance possible. Il propose une définition basée sur la célèbre hiérarchie DIKW...