Fiscal problems have long been considered a central feature of financial--that is, currency, debt, and banking--crises. This paper addresses four questions: What are the fiscal causes of crises? Which fiscal vulnerability indicators help to predict crises? Can fiscal variables explain the...

In the literature there are basically two main approaches that explain the positive link between the level of education and wages: the human-capital theory and the signalling/screening (collectively known as sorting) theory. We highlight the similarity and differences between these theories and...