Between 1969 and the early nineteen-eighties a unique parabola took place in Italy that was both historical and theoretical. We are referring here to the birth, development and decline of a research project that had assumed Sraffa’s book Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities as its...

The role played by economists and thus economic theory in implementing the Spanish economic policy during the second half of the 20th century is the main topic analysed in this article. Political framework indeed is crucial for understanding the relationships between Spanish economists and...

In the history of monetary theory and monetary policy, there can be little doubt that the 1980’s are seen as a watershed. Following a disastrous decade of inflation and recession in the 1970’s, the monetarist ideas of Milton Friedman are largely seen to have triumphed then over the older...

The post-1945 development of economics in Germany is characterized by important similarities as well as by some considerable differences compared to other European countries. The strong growth of international trade was accompanied by an increasing internationalization of economics that was...

In this text an analysis is presented concerning who were first to form and accept new macroeconomic policy ideas in Sweden: economic politicians or professional economists. Those ideas were later to be accepted in international mainstream economics. Four paradigmatic shifts, all of them...

Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa was one of the great architects of the euro. He is remembered in particular as co-rapporteur for the Delors Committee and as a founding member of the European Central Bank’s Executive Board. For Padoa-Schioppa, becoming Director-General of the European Commission’s DG...

The International Encyclopaedia of Unified Science, 1938-1969 (promoted, above all, by Otto Neurath in Vienna and Charles Morris in the United States) was based on the feasibility of building a "unified science" and it was carried on through the publication of a special "encyclopaedia" to show...

To understand macroeconomic and monetary thought at the European Commission, two elements are crucial: firstly, the Rome Treaty, as it determined the mandate of the Commission and, secondly, the economic ideas in the different countries of the European Community, as economic thought at the...

Nel 1989 il processo di integrazione europea subisce una rapida accelerazione. Il Consiglio Europeo approva Il Rapporto Delors che stabilisce una precisa strategia per il raggiungimento dell’Unione economica e monetaria. Il Governo Britannico cerca di ostacolare l’ipotesi di una moneta unica...