This article evaluates the recent protectionist US trade policy and the retaliation of the EU and China. The article … tariffs are a credible threat to the EU, but the steel and aluminum tariffs are not. China suffers considerably from the US … tariffs, especially the extended, tightened tariffs that have been announced. The retaliation measures of the EU and China …

these transatlantic differences may be related to the different sectoral structures in the US and the EU, we differentiated …