responds more to increases in shareholders' return performance than to decreases. Further, this asymmetry is stronger when …

offering both medical education and business education have higher management quality, more MBA trained managers and lower … management practices and skills in hospitals across nine countries. We find that hospitals that are closer to universities …

In this paper we examine the causal impact of competition on management quality. We analyze the hospital sector where … management quality - measured using a new survey tool - is strongly correlated with financial and clinical outcomes such as … a greater number of neighboring hospitals) is positively correlated with increased management quality, and this …