This paper can be seen as an illustration of the cliometric approach and its contribution to the knowledge of French international capital movements before WW1. Using a formal theoretical framework and advanced eco¬nometric technics improves our understanding of the influences of French capital...

This paper endeavors to study Spanish protectionism on the Italian mirror. On the assumption that the literature presents both European peripheral countries at a similar stage of development and commercial policy replies to late 19th century economic globalization. Italian tariff policy was much...

This paper analyses the cyclical behaviour of the German annual aggregate wage earnings over 179 years. Our results show that there are transitory exogenous shocks which contain predictive information for aggregate wages in a non-linear framework.